The lines we place, explained in plain English.

General Liability

The foundation of every commercial program. GL responds when your business operations injure someone or damage their property: a customer slip-and-fall, a product that fails in the field, a subcontractor's drywall damage. Nearly every commercial lease and construction contract requires it.

What it covers

• Bodily injury and property damage to third parties
• Products and completed operations liability
• Personal and advertising injury (libel, slander, copyright in ads)
• Medical payments regardless of fault
• Defense costs, usually outside the limits

What to watch

• Professional services exclusion (that's what E&O is for)
• Contractual liability limitations on assumed indemnity
• Additional-insured endorsements your contracts demand

Commercial Property

Covers the physical assets of the business: your building if you own it, your tenant improvements if you don't, and the equipment, inventory and furniture inside. Pair it with business income coverage so a fire doesn't just destroy your stock, it doesn't destroy your revenue too.

What it covers

• Buildings and structures, owned or leased with insurable interest
• Business personal property: equipment, inventory, furniture
• Business income and extra expense after a covered loss
• Replacement cost or actual cash value (your choice, priced accordingly)

What to watch

• Earthquake and flood are excluded by default, a real conversation in California
• Coinsurance penalties when limits don't track values
• Ordinance & law coverage for older buildings

Workers' Compensation

Required by California law from your first employee. Work comp pays medical costs and lost wages when an employee is hurt on the job, and employers' liability protects the business when an injury turns into a lawsuit. We manage your experience mod like the line item it is.

What it covers

• Statutory medical and indemnity benefits
• Employers' liability: bodily injury by accident and by disease
• Defense for related suits brought by spouses and third parties

What to watch

• Class-code accuracy: misclassification is the most common overcharge we find
• Experience modification factor and how claims are reserved
• Owner/officer inclusion or exclusion elections

Commercial Auto

Personal auto policies exclude business use. Most owners discover that gap after the accident. Commercial auto covers owned vehicles, and hired/non-owned coverage protects you when employees drive their own cars on company business.

What it covers

• Liability for bodily injury and property damage
• Physical damage: collision and comprehensive
• Medical payments and uninsured/underinsured motorist
• Hired and non-owned auto liability

What to watch

• Symbol selection: "any auto" vs. scheduled vehicles only
• Driver lists and MVR review programs that move premium

Cyber Liability

If you take cards, store customer data, or depend on systems to operate, you carry cyber exposure. Modern cyber policies are part insurance, part incident-response retainer: breach counsel, forensics and notification costs from hour one.

What it covers

• Breach response: forensics, legal, notification, credit monitoring
• Cyber extortion and ransomware payments
• Business interruption from system outages
• Third-party privacy and network security liability
• Funds-transfer fraud and social engineering (sublimited, so we push these up)

What to watch

• MFA and backup requirements. Applications are now warranties
• Social engineering sublimits that don't match the real exposure

Professional Liability (E&O)

GL covers what your operations do to people and property. E&O covers what your advice and work product do to a client's balance sheet: the missed deadline, the design error, the recommendation that cost them money. Essential for anyone paid for expertise.

What it covers

• Negligent acts, errors and omissions in professional services
• Defense costs, including meritless claims
• Prior acts coverage with the right retroactive date

What to watch

• Claims-made triggers and what happens when you switch carriers
• Contract-required limits vs. what you carry today

Commercial Umbrella

One bad accident can pierce a $1M primary limit before the lawyers finish their coffee. Umbrella coverage stacks $1M–$25M above your GL, auto and employers' liability. A true umbrella is often broader than the policies beneath it.

What it covers

• Excess limits over GL, commercial auto and employers' liability
• Drop-down coverage when underlying limits exhaust
• Coverage for some claims the primary excludes, subject to a retention

What to watch

• Following-form vs. true umbrella language
• Underlying limit maintenance requirements

Commercial Crime

The uncomfortable line: most theft losses come from the inside. Crime coverage responds to employee dishonesty, forged checks, and the increasingly common fraudulent wire instruction that looks exactly like an email from your CFO.

What it covers

• Employee theft of money, securities and property
• Forgery and alteration of checks and instruments
• Computer fraud and funds-transfer fraud
• Money and securities inside and outside the premises

What to watch

• Social engineering coverage, usually optional and always worth it
• Discovery vs. loss-sustained forms when switching carriers